PDA

View Full Version : HMS Exeter: Escort to Convoy WS8B 1941


Ken W
23-06-2010, 03:03
These are my memories of how our draft came to HMS Exeter, and of the incidents that occurred while we were onboard; including the bold attack on our Convoy by an enemy aircraft; our part in the Bismarck affair, then later the Vichy destroyer incident. This was written over 20 years ago for my grandkids, so failing memory is hopefully not involved.

Eight young Fleet Arm Arm ratings were assigned Exeter as ‘Supernumerary Crew’ for aircraft recognition duties, sorely needed incidentally. Being on the bridge of Exeter, we became privy to most of the events going on around our ship and it’s convoy.
Exeter was the senior escort of a very important convoy. The enemy, surely knew of our convoy and I with my mates, always felt that part of Bismarck's mission was to attack our convoy.

After 6 weeks at the Fleet Air Arm base, Lee on Solent; we five survivors of the previous draft, together with our 3 replacements, 2 RAF men, a Leading Airman and the Petty Officer in charge, received our orders. The small draft caught the overnight train to Scotland; aware only that we were going somewhere overseas, by ship. (It had leaked that ‘we were going on something special’)

Have vivid memory of the next morning in Scotland, just before Glasgow, when a working class man got into our compartment; he spoke with a strong Scots accent. Eyeing us in our uniforms, he finally blurted;
“You lot mus` be going to join that big Convoy waiting at Tail o‘ the Bank. All those ships‘ll be sailing tomorrow morning!”
We looked at each other, horrified to hear this said openly; after all the careless talk warnings too. If we‘d put in a complaint he would be in chokey, quick smart.
Still mulling over him and what he’d said, from Glasgow we went by train to Greenock, to the Dockside Naval office. From there we went off with all our kit, to the Jetty for the boat to our mystery ship - still not knowing which, or to where going.

At last a naval pinnace came up to us, carrying a signboard ‘Exeter‘; we wondered could we be going on that famous ship? Loading our kit we went out past many ships, this certainly was a big convoy we whispered to our mates. Finally to where a two funneled eight-inch gun Cruiser, HMS Exeter, was lying at “Tail o‘ the Bank”; where the Clyde meets the sea. A place that would have memories for me, especially later in this War.

Exeter was a Plymouth ship, manned by experienced West Country men; they quickly let we young fellows know that this was a real naval ship. Put in the Forward mess deck with the Seamen, we were thrown, without delay, into the hurly-burly of life at sea in wartime. The Leading Seaman assigned as Killick of our Mess, told us we had twelve hours to find our way around the ship; then took us on a quick tour, pointing out some of Exeter’s battle scars on the way. The two RAF fellows tagging along behind seemed more concerned than us about this sea life; they would stand no watches, instead be mess cooks.

The ‘Fleet Air Arm kids‘, as we were called, were assigned as Bridge Lookouts, a vital task in wartime, which we would not disgrace. (Years later I would hear that we had been selected by Admiralty for this task, mainly for our aircraft recognition knowledge).

We were sorted into our watches, finding four of us would start next morning on the Morning Watch; then we four, Harry, self, Lee, Wally, at 0800. That suited us fine since the four of us had become close mates after our experiences some weeks before.
The others were up there on lookout when Exeter sailed at dawn next morning, May 21st. She lead out a line – the cruiser ‘Cairo‘, carrier ‘Argus’, seven Tribal class destroyers and a procession of big ships including the liner ‘Georgic‘.
This was Convoy WS 8B, taking an armoured division to the Middle East, the largest to leave UK so far in this war. Many of these ships, including Exeter, would never return home. (WS, of course was code for a ‘Winston Churchill Special’)

Within a few hours of our sailing the mighty ‘Bismarck‘ would leave Norway, ‘To raid Atlantic Convoys‘. The enemy was breaking naval codes at this time, so they surely knew of convoy WS 8B.
I remember as we moved down the Clyde, watching the seamen swilling down the anchor chains on the foredeck; each man looking capable and professional with his knife at waist, yet one stood out – a French sailor with the red pompom on his hat. Where was he going? Sometimes I still think of him, alone, with those no doubt suspicious messmates around.

Then up to the bridge; we soon settled into the routine, four of us on at a time, just behind the open Bridge; two on the Port side and two on the Starboard. Lee and Wally one pair, Harry & I another. Binoculars were glued to our eyes, as we checked both the sea and sky Our ship, Exeter, was at the centre of a large convoy, with the escorting destroyers extending miles out from us. Up on the bridge, we would get the latest Gen and also a close up view of any Action when it developed; we would sometimes be asked by others just what was going on, or what had happened up there.
Due to working four hours on and four hours off, it wasn’t long before we felt the need for sleep; this need would increase as time went on.

The convoy sailed out from Ireland, then after one (?) day turned to go in a near Southerly direction. That morning Harry & I were on watch when about 0700 I spotted a speck coming out of the Eastern sky; the sun was fairly well up so luckily it could not hide that speck. At first I thought it a sea bird, but it kept straight on for us, at a low height. Suddenly I knew that I had seen that head on silhouette before; Harry confirmed that our binoculars showed a FockWulf Kurrier, the four engined enemy long range bomber.

I called out to the officer of the watch my sighting, adding my suspicions, but after looking through his telescope for some time, he said “It’s a Sunderland flying boat’. I respectfully disagreed, saying these had bombed then strafed our ship, Sir – to be sharply told ‘Watch your tongue’.
We watched it come boldly straight on towards the centre of our convoy, at about 200 feet height – Thought I could even see the pilots thru my binoculars. Then, as it passed through the outer destroyer screen, two of them starting firing at this so-called Sunderland, they‘d seen the Nazi Crosses on it!

Sudden Panic! Remember the Marine bugler sounding off into the Tannoy near us, as Exeter went to action stations. Our 4 inch HA and pom-pom guns quickly opened up, joining others in firing at the enemy. Harry and I had a ringside seat, with the guns below us firing, then seeing, as the Kurier suddenly banked and turned at 90 degrees to us - Exeter‘s shells bursting around her fuselage
A red glow came inside her, as she headed for a brightly painted ammunition ship just a mile away….Tried to drop her load on it...but luckily for all nearby ships, missed. Finally she splashed down in flames!
A destroyer signaled us that there were no survivors. No surprise, we‘d seen them steam over the wreckage to make sure.

The Kurier’s crew had been very brave, almost suicidal in their action; but there was no sorrow on our part, our dead comrades of our last voyage had been avenged.
This incident left our small party with Suspicions; firstly re the aircraft knowledge of our officers, also how did that plane know so well where to find the convoy; coming like a homing pigeon straight to us, out of the East? (Did that confirm the enemy knew where we were?)

Then forenoon of May 24, Harry whispered, ‘Destroyer’s calling’. I stole a glance seeing one of the Tribal destroyer screen aft, flashing us. (That morning we were on the starboard side of bridge). The Chief Yeoman passed close behind us to the signal lamp at the rear, and quickly answered them. He then passed going up front to the skipper, saying openly as though shocked, ‘By Christ, the Hood’s been sunk.’
We looked at each other, but nobody said anything, so later went down to the Seamen’s mess deck at noon wondering. The old Leading Seaman i/c our mess, who’d been on her for the 1939 action, was ‘our Dad’; so we told him all what had happened. It produced horrified reaction – directed at us.
‘For Christ’s sake, don’t you know anything? Never say that again.’
Seamen in the mess alongside heard, so they lashed out too; ‘Bloody brats spreading f..ing buzzes.’ (we were both 17) : ‘Bloody Fleet air arm! What can you expect.’
We hung our heads as our Father lectured us, our mates also gave us dirty looks - in the clag again.

I think it was the second Dog when the Skipper came on the Tannoy. ‘This is the Captain speaking. I regret to inform ship’s company that this morning Hood was sunk in surface action in the Denmark Straits. Heavy units of the enemy are now reported heading in a Southerly direction. That is all.’
No apologies, we didn’t expect any. Apart from the shock of loosing a Naval Icon, we were all more taken up with those two monsters thundering down, maybe towards us.

I think it was that day that the weather worsened, with squalls and scudding clouds occasionally cutting our vision. Do remember from the starboard lookout seeing the carrier Argus level with us, nearly a mile away; she was steaming parallel with a Walrus landing on her flight deck. Then seeing the handling party in oilskins running to the wing tips and holding her down as the wind over deck and ship’s motion lifted her up. We wondered…Did she land on a flight deck rather than on the rough sea? Was she bringing dispatches?
We’d never know. Just one of the many interesting scenarios we’d see during the voyage.

The Seamens mess deck was not its usual immaculate self when we went down, especially our area. The other watch coming up had warned us, you’ll have a bit of tidying up to do; now we saw it, our mess cooks under the table, incapacitated, vomit and utensils lying around. Our Killick came down then hoping for his tot and a warm meal. Cursing, he rounded on our two Raf men, soon had us get them up our stairway onto the deck. ‘Get some bloody fresh air, stay there till your starving, you bastards.’
Think the cure worked, after hours up top, they came down hours later, ravenous.

In the background, over these hours, there was an air of tension since the mighty Bismarck could be coming our way. Then we overheard bad news on the bridge, that she`d slipped away from the ship shadowing her.
Later, talk of the many Naval ships out looking for her –Battleships, Aircraft Carriers etc. Later came buzzes that they`d found her, and of Torpedo attacks on Bismarck by Fleet Air Arm Swordfish.
The part I remember well was on the night of the 26th when the Captain came on again saying; “Bismarck is closing fast on this convoy from a Northerly direction. I expect contact around dawn. Exeter will engage her with guns and torpedoes to protect the convoy. If necessary I shall ram her!” (Obviously a suicide attack) That was in the late evening, and I was on watch until midnight. During that watch our escorting Tribal destroyers went off to attack Bismarck. While we went to our hammocks at 00.10, near fully dressed of course, expecting to be woken for action stations during this middle watch, probably our last ever!

However we were dead tired so we slept away; then were woken for a normal watch call at 0345...relieved to know we would live a bit longer and wondering what exactly had happened. Then we heard that Bismarck had altered course during the night and therefore had missed us by a mere forty odd miles! That morning a battle of giants raged to the East; dramatic news came, first that she was crippled; then our Captain came on the Tannoy telling us that Bismarck was Sunk, her crew having fought to the bitter end. (I remember then wondering why he and the seamen around us were not cheering about Bismarck; obviously I still had a lot to learn)
HMS Hood was avenged, and we were all very relieved.

Strangely, after Bismarck was sunk, there was little jubilation; it was as though we suddenly had become very tired. Cannot remember seeing our Tribal class destroyers return to the convoy, maybe they had to leave, short of fuel. A day or so later, the other escorts, cruiser Cairo and the old carrier Argus, with several supply ships left us, heading for Gibraltar and the Med.
Exeter now became the sole escort of this important military convoy; the lookouts were lectured on how important we had become. “Don’t worry about Aircraft, instead you must scan for Periscopes, or the horizon for a possible Surface Raider.”

Then one morning came a sea-change; the water was now longer gray and cold but instead a friendly cobalt blue; the sun was stronger and Exeter rode over the ocean swells with her easy flowing motion, like a queen in her own domain. As we looked out, we saw Flying fish skimming over the waves and the sails of Portugese men o` war - we‘d entered the Tropics
In the afternoons off watch we sun-baked on the Foc‘scle; one of us got burnt, but had to hide it since this was then a ‘Crime‘ in the Royal Navy. While we sunned, I remember the ship‘s P.A. appropriately playing ‘Down where the Tradewinds Play‘.

Down below too, we had got used to the lifestyle....
To sharing our food from the mess ‘kettles‘ with the other members of the mess on the wooden table which was scrubbed snow white every day. ...
To hearing the ‘Old Salts‘, talk in their West Country accents with details how Exeter had fought in the Battle of the River Plate early in the war.
To slinging our hammocks at night, lying there swinging and listening to Vera Lynn over the ship‘s PA before we fell asleep, knowing we‘d be woken in a brief three hours or so. On watch we saw the four big ocean liners close by with their thousands of troops on board parading or exercising, also we saw a few nurses and other females occasionally sunbathing on deck.
If our binoculars strayed too close to them, we would be accused of ‘Perving‘; but we laughed knowing we had more important things to look for...U-boat periscopes for one. Suddenly we felt at home on the ship, and although we were tired we wished this life could go on forever.

Our convoy was now off the West African coast; one afternoon we were on watch, looking East, when Harry noted a distant ‘small white cloud‘ that did not climb up above the blue horizon like good clouds should do. Instead, moving slightly up, then after a pause down level or below the horizon; I confirmed it as suspicious so we reported it.
The officer got his telescope, climbed high up – Then quickly ordered Action Stations!
Exeter left the convoy, steaming at full speed towards the object; then we saw it was a large French destroyer, which had been tracking our convoy; obviously trying to keep out of sight. We flashed signals at it, but she did not reply, instead turned and went fast over the horizon back towards Dakar.

Then some hours later, at dusk, our Detector picked up a U-boat! Panic…Panic. Our ship steamed around the convoy at high speed chucking depth charges off the back; it was thrilling while it lasted, to be on a cruiser `playing at destroyers`. The whole convoy increased speed as well, later when we got out of the danger area we went back to normal; but everyone was sure that those ‘Vichy Frogs‘ had brought the U-boat to us.
(At this time, Vichy France was working closely with the Germans; there was also some hatred of the R.N. after Churchill’s attack on the French Fleet at Dakar).

Next day we went into Freetown, with a short ‘run ashore‘ to see what Africa was like...Hot, humid, smelly, dirty and certainly different. While we looking over the thatch clad ‘shops’ in the native market and trying to get a lemonade or anything cold – a plane from the French base at Dakar flew over photographing the ships. Our friends again, keeping tabs on the convoy - for the benefit of their friends in Berlin maybe.

A day or so later we left and entered the South Atlantic. Away from the dangerous area, Exeter now went to Cruising Stations, this meant we only worked one watch in every three. Lazy tropical days; not that we did laze that much. Now though we had time to look around the ship.

Then we came to the Equator and King Neptune greeted our ship by staging a ‘Crossing the Line Ceremony‘ for all the Grubs on board. Along with others we were lathered and dumped in the Canvas Tub by Neptune‘s Bears, great fun for all those watching, but for those with a mouthful of ship‘s soap and salt water, well!
In future we could always swagger; as Les Botham did fifty years later at a reunion in the UK, when he mentioned – `That he had first Crossed the Line on Exeter`.
Unfortunately, several of us would later loose those prized Line Certificates; through Japanese action.

About then, I started working in my spare time with the Fleet Air Arm crew, on the Walrus flying boat. This sat on a catapult from which it was occasionally fired off to patrol around us, looking for raiders. I must have watched them, and then been allowed to give a hand, probably washing down the hull or something menial. From then on I was there every spare minute during the day. ...Watching the Walrus coming back from various patrols and how each time the sailors fended her off with long bamboo poles until the crane could be hooked on to lift her back inboard. Dangerous work for the plane’s Observer who did the hooking up, perched high on her centre section with the engine’s propeller spinning only 3 feet away! Back on the catapult we‘d wash her down, refuel her and check the systems. They needed a spare Engine Fitter and since I knew the Pegasus engine well, the pilot seemed willing to have me join his crew, so I applied.
Later on I fronted the First Lieutenant, who took one look at me and straightaway asked my Age. “I`m eighteen now Sir.” I said boldly (Having just had my birthday).
I remember him frowning, “Too young for my ship. Request denied.”
That baby face had brought me down again! In reality the hand of fate had done me a good turn, since Exeter only had another eight months to live. She would be sunk in the Java Sea along with HMAS Perth. Her survivors would have a really rough time as Japanese prisoners.

On watch it seemed we‘d been looking at the big liners forever; through our binoculars we knew all the routines on board – when the troops paraded, when they had physical training, their P.A. announcements etc. Then one day we saw them dressed in long sleeves and their shorts had gone...the weather had cooled and the waves had become gigantic.
For some reason (Rumours of U-boats I think) they had routed our convoy far South of the Cape of Good Hope, into the edge of the ‘Roaring Forties‘, and it was Winter here. We lookouts were fascinated by the wandering Albatross as they skimmed over those big wave tops. Low on fuel, the ship rolled horribly at times but it didn’t bother us now; we‘d become real sailors.

Early one morning Exeter led the fleet of ships into Durban; it was incredible the enthusiasm that our arrival generated. Flocks of people converged on the port area, waving and singing to us as Exeter steamed slowly past! The ‘Lady in White’ led the singing standing right out in front on the jetty.
Of course Exeter was a famous ship but it certainly brought a lump to one‘s throat; even to ‘Veterans‘ like us, as we kids now liked to think of ourselves.

The ship secured alongside and heard we’d be here for several days, so everyone looked forward to going ashore. The kind citizens more than fulfilled our expectations; both Harry and I were picked up by a couple who took us to a nice house on the outskirts. I think they had two older daughters, who joined us when we went out for a meal at a Club that night. Afterwards we went to the open-air movies. He was the manager of the British Airways Flying Boat depot and was very generous, insisting on treating us, then dropping us back at the Docks and saying they‘d pick us up tomorrow.
Although we were ‘Supernumerary Crew’, we thought we were going onto Egypt with Exeter, we just could not imagine otherwise; but suddenly next morning we were told to collect our kit...we were leaving the ship! That was a big letdown, but orders were orders; however, before leaving, the Ship’s Commander told our Petty Officer what a good job we had all done as lookouts, especially spotting that Vichy Destroyer that time.

So we toddled off in a truck and arrived at a South African Army camp, on Snell Parade near Durban airfield. Here our reception was friendly and we were given a big hut to ourselves, then told we could go out on leave provided we were back at midnight. Off we went, Harry & I dodging our kind benefactors who were looking for us; instead we played seasoned sailors, joining old shipmates in seeing Durban, especially since they were sailing next day.

Next morning on parade at 0730, we met the Sergeant Major who was in charge of us. Immaculately dressed in cavalry gear, sporting two separate rows of medal ribbons, he really stood out. We found out he was over 60 and an ex-Boer, his ribbons being both Boer then Allied from the 1914 War. A thoroughly good fellow who told us over the next few weeks enthralling stories of the Boer war, of riding the Veldt with his commando, also of `Stupid Pommie Officers‘ sending their men to certain death against the crack shots he was with. (First time I heard that word Pommie; it wouldn’t be the last). That first morning he gave us each a sack of Oranges, a big bag of Raisins and some Nuts ...all this to build us up! Thank you South Africa

Meanwhile Exeter had taken the convoy North through the Mozambique channel, then to Dar es Salaam. While they were in that area we heard of a tragedy, Exeter had lost her Walrus and her Jimmy the One; apparently on a flight over the ship to check camouflage. - No details except a wing may have unlocked.
Eventually the convoy got to Suez; while lying there the Luftwaffe mounted a daring night bombing attack, from Crete, on the anchored ships. The big liner Georgic was burnt out and became a loss (later repaired). Fortunately the troops had disembarked that day.

Proof surely, that the enemy had been shadowed or monitoring this important convoy on its long journey around Africa to Egypt; then had struck as soon as they could on it's arrival.

qprdave
23-06-2010, 04:18
Great account, Ken. Well done.

qprdave

alanbenn
23-06-2010, 08:37
Ken, thoroughly enjoyed reading your first hand account of the convoy, what an experience for a 17/18 year old, certainly makes you grow up fast eh?

Regards
Alan

JackW1208
23-06-2010, 11:01
Well told Ken, wonderful story, do you have anymore?

Cheers
Jack.

astraltrader
23-06-2010, 13:08
thanks Ken - greatly appreciated.

qprdave
23-06-2010, 13:39
Well told Ken, wonderful story, do you have anymore

I forgot to mention, Ken. We are a greedy bunch here and we are never satisfied.

David Verghese
23-06-2010, 16:45
Dear Ken,

Thank you for posting your reminiscencies of your time aboard HMS Exeter. I found it to be most interesting to read of her time post refit but prior to duties in the Far East from mid October 1941. Toward the end of your account you refer to the Walrus aircrash.

The loss of the Walrus and her crew was a tragic reminder that such accidents can happen in relative calmer times of hostilities. Exeter's C.O. Captain Oliver Gordon had flown as an observer in the plane the previous day. Next day, with a crew of four aboard, the Walrus was in the air again, according to Gordon's account in his book "Fight it Out" to practice A. A. armament and control. Having spoke recently to ex crew members who witnessed the crash and who served on the recovery party I hereby pay tribute to the airmen of 700 NAS that died that day, June 27 1941, namely:

Michael S. T. Broadwood, Lieutenant (A)
Thomas G.Finan, Air Artificer 4th Class
Harry D. Millington, Petty Officer Airman
Wallace A. H. Peters, Petty Officer Airman

After speaking with members of the HMS Exeter Survivors Association with regard to the photograph below, ( posted on this site by romft 1945, 31 July 2008, on behalf of Mrs Tom Adams) I am certain that the picture shows the Burial Service for the four airmen.

As others have said in this thread, forthcoming further accounts from you are eagerly awaited.

Thank you again for your input.

David

Bee
23-06-2010, 18:08
Dear Ken,

Thankyou very much for sharing that account of your time on HMS Exeter with us. If you have any others that you've recorded and would like to share - you've got a captive audience here. (First hand stories are so much more interesting than staid, official records.)

I have a book written by an A.H. (Nick) Carter DSM who was a crew member of HMS Exeter when she was in the Battle of the River Plate.
Like you - I think he was recording his naval history for his family - and they managed to get it written up as a book. (Although I have a feeling that they didn't have too many copies made.)
My Dad (who had met Nick through the Perth R.N.A.) was lucky enough to win a copy of the book in a raffle...at one of their R.N.A. meetings and Nick, who (through the R.N.A.) was a friend of my Dad's, signed it for him.
Sadly, both Nick and my Dad have now "Crossed the Bar" - but they live on through these recorded memories we have of them.

Regards,
Bee

Bee
23-06-2010, 18:19
Dear Ken,

Thank you for posting your reminiscencies of your time aboard HMS Exeter. I found it to be most interesting to read of her time post refit but prior to duties in the Far East from mid October 1941. Toward the end of your account you refer to the Walrus aircrash.

The loss of the Walrus and her crew was a tragic reminder that such accidents can happen in relative calmer times of hostilities. Exeter's C.O. Captain Oliver Gordon had flown as an observer in the plane the previous day. Next day, with a crew of four aboard, the Walrus was in the air again, according to Gordon's account in his book "Fight it Out" to practice A. A. armament and control. Having spoke recently to ex crew members who witnessed the crash and who served on the recovery party I hereby pay tribute to the airmen of 700 NAS that died that day, June 27 1941, namely:

Michael S. T. Broadwood, Lieutenant (A)
Thomas G.Finan, Air Artificer 4th Class
Harry D. Millington, Petty Officer Airman
Wallace A. H. Peters, Petty Officer Airman

After speaking with members of the HMS Exeter Survivors Association with regard to the photograph below, ( posted on this site by romft 1945, 31 July 2008, on behalf of Mrs Tom Adams) I am certain that the picture shows the Burial Service for the four airmen.

As others have said in this thread, forthcoming further accounts from you are eagerly awaited.

Thank you again for your input.

David

David,
That is a sad reminder of the dangers that these men faced on a daily basis - whether or not they were at battle stations. They gave so much...and deserve to be remembered. May they rest in peace.
Regards,
Bee

Ken W
26-06-2010, 05:32
Thank you for you very kind comments on the Convoy article, also special thanks to David for bringing me up to speed on the Walrus crash.

That was a tragedy, must have been a shock to that tightly bonded ship's crew. I certainly knew the Tiffy, cannot remember details on him other than helpful; and must have met the pilot, Lieutenant Broadwood.
Just goes to show how these accounts may be in error -Mine was on details of that incident; rather normal in those days when infomation was very restricted.

Any more articles I'm afraid, would be on the progress of that small draft; the ships we travelled on and where, not as interesting as Exeter. (ships were Barham, Vampire and a British freighter).
Have to add that in my Naval career (as such) Exeter was my happiest ship.
Course I was young, inexperienced, also they were professionals etc.

Thanks again
Ken W.

Dreadnought
26-06-2010, 08:27
Great account account Ken, and deservedly appreciated and congratulated by many here.

Fo those interested in more about this fine ship, here is an excellent thread, newly having been merged with other Extere threads ..

http://www.worldnavalships.com/forums/showthread.php?t=2166&highlight=exeter

Ken W
29-06-2010, 08:17
After we left Exeter

Ashore in Durban
After 10.00 each morning we were free to wander into Durban; while there we had zero pay, so out of the camp were dependant upon the good citizens for food and drink; luckily they were more than happy to oblige. After blacked out wartime Britain, Durban at that time was truly wonderful.
Although after some days, Harry and I became fed-up with comments from matrons in the groups - like, ‘Don’t you look Young’`, or the clincher, ‘Do you write to your Mother?` The others didn’t seem to get this treatment; so now we wandered the town, hopefully like real sailors.
We paraded every morning, our old Sarge counted heads, cracked jokes, then handed out our ‘rations‘. After parade we‘d go for a morning swim on the beach nearby; clean up, then out on the town. Acting independent we two looked for the `Free Places`. One was the Hotel Edward where free tea and cakes was provided and a lounge with the latest American magazines to read. When we got really hard up, on Sundays we sang for our meals at the Salvo‘s Hall down near the docks. Singing along with old sailors and derelicts. ”Come and join us at the River” – What a life!

Because of our youth, Sarge, in his thick Afrikaans accent, had early on warned us.
‘First boys, no horizontal refreshment with the Blicks; dey will cut you up and we don’t like that. Second is the Brown hats of which we have too bloody many. So tell ‘em to bloody bugger off man.’
Last was - keep well away from the Osweger Bronsvaak, or O.B.‘s; a pro-Nazi Afrikaan organization that hated the British. Showing how pro-Nazi they were - at that time the Swastika flew over the Town Hall at Windhoek, also power lines and railways were nightly being sabotaged on the Transvaal. (This was kept quiet in Britain).
S.A. of course had fighting men ‘Up North’; and from the camp we could see the airfield where Ansons took off regularly on A/S patrols; so they were certainly in this war.

One evening we went into a grubby bar near the docks and found it filled with scowling men at a meeting. Silence fell when, trying to act like men, we asked how much a small beer cost. Then we realized too late – these were O.B.‘s! But then a giant bearded man, their leader, came over and in a strong Afrikaans accent, asked Harry and I how old we were. Harry was still seventeen, so he burst out laughing. “The English are sending beardless boys overseas to fight! Since you are Navy boys, I’ll pay for the beer. Have it on me!” They all joined in the laughter and the tension went, but after drinking our beer we exited pretty quickly. Sarge later confirmed how lucky we were, either throats cut or a bad beating if their leader had not relaxed.
We began to realize that Overseas one got a very different picture of the War from that in England. Here the news was presented differently, with even photos from Nazi Germany. During the six weeks we were there some of us were detailed off to escort Naval Deserters to the Detention Quarters, at Wynberg near Capetown. They came back enthusiastic about this wonderful country and what they`d seen on the two days train trip, there & back.
Harry and I were next in line, but when the great day came were passed over. Sarge said, “We were too young to do this duty.” Our b.youth again.

Just when we were sure our small draft of 12 had been completely forgotten, one morning in early August (?) old Sarge became serious, telling ‘his boys’ that we were leaving. Later we trundled to the docks where Barham, an old battleship had been undergoing repairs. She’d come in June, after getting a 500kg AP bomb into an aft turret, off Crete.

Barham in the Indian Ocean
On board, Barham was still grubby from Dockyard hands, but hearing she was sailing next day we rushed to the MAA’s office and got leave.
Our last night in Durban; incredibly we met that elderly couple, our friends of the first week. They were mad with us for not keeping in touch with them, particularly his wife; Harry and I just had no excuses. Despite this they still gave us a good time that night and seemed genuinely sorry we two were leaving.
Sailing next morning was like our arrival, thousands farewelled the ship. They hung from piers and from cranes, waving and singing. The white lady once again led their singing, and Barham’s crew really hoped to return one day. (She would never return, she would be torpedoed in three months time, most of the men on board would be trapped when she capsized). It seemed the ship somehow knew it did not have long to go, but morale on board was good considering she was going back to the Med and trouble. Of course, these naval men were professionals.

She had a completely different feel to our Cruiser; crowded, grubby and full of ‘roaches that ran over us while we slept on camp beds in odd passage ways. (Micks were far too hot). Our small draft had no duties, so just kept out of the way as much as we could.
Several memories…. Being told by a crew member that it was preferable the bomb had hit the turret rather than the deck. Sorry about the gun crew, but if it had hit the deck it could have penetrated the magazine and ‘we’d all gone up’. (Everyone knew of Hood).
… In a side sea, Barham’s motion had an odd kind of wiggle or shimmy for the last bit.
… Up in the superstructure one morning and seeing a large turtle passing down the side, turning over in the wash; it was as big as an average car of that time.

Through hot and humid days that WW1 battlewaggon steamed, pushing against the Benguela current, past Madagascar to stop at Dar-es-Salaam in Zanzibar. This was an ancient Arab slaving port and it hadn’t changed much ashore, still it got us off the ship for a break. We’d actually got a “Sub’ onboard so we had East African pounds to pay for a treat or two. Then off again, on the way firing the 6 inch guns, which were in old fashioned Barbettes and badly leaked in reasonable seas; as we saw several times.

Later, off the coast near Aden, the ship had 15 inch gun practice; firing against a target. (towed by a destroyer, I think) Watching from a `safe spot` amidships, we were nearly deafened by the guns in ‘A” & ‘B’ turrets. Luckily, after the first blast, we moved inside; because afterwards we saw the heavy damage that later blasts did, to boats near our spot.

Aden to Colombo
Next day into Aden where we were pushed off; but first we had to retrieve our kit from a store above the engine room. Inside the stifling airless space we had to work in relays, coming up for ‘cool air’ in that summer heat of Aden. God knows what it was like below for the engine room crew and stokers.
Going ashore we passed an old battleship, the ‘Centurion’, then went to rough quarters above an Arab garage near Crater Town. We were here about a week trying to keep cool in the heat; our nightly treat was going to the Open Air cinema at the RAF base. (Khormaksa). We wondered why they all kept their feet on the rungs of the seat in front, then found this was to avoid the nippers of the large land crabs scuttling around in the dark.
Shops in Crater Town although ramshackle, had plenty of scarce goods for sale. This was before the ‘Yankee invasion of 42’ so things were really cheap; unfortunately we had little money to spare. As usual, we still did not know our final destination; obviously now it was not the Middle East or the Med.

Our next ship was the Aussie destroyer ‘Vampire‘, going home after action in the Med. The veteran crew, hardened from the ‘Tobruk run’, were very happy to be going home to Sydney; but this was another ship that did not have long to live. The RAN ship rolled like a ‘drunken surfer’ (crews term) in the South West monsoon which was currently on.

At night my hammock would swing out over the side and the swishing waves, then back in again! But it gave great sleeps on those humid nights. A quick look at the ‘Gateway to India‘, Bombay, then we left for what was the last leg of our long journey. We boarded a British freighter, high in the water due to no cargo and little ballast, so with the monsoon, this one ‘rolled like a pig’.
Then into Colombo escorted by a Catalina Flying Boat, newly arrived there, also one that would shortly do a great job out East. Seeing the white buildings on shore, the Crew jeered, quoting to us. “Ceylon; where every prospect pleases, and only man is vile!”

From Colombo we went by overnight train, a funny chuffing-thing, across the highlands of the island to the other side, to Trincomalee; one of the best natural harbours in the world. So finally we came to China Bay, and met the few other Fleet Air Arm types at the airfield which was shared with the RAF. Dressed in just shorts, sandals and heavily sun-tanned they greeted us like arrivals from a distant planet; but after a few weeks we became indistinguishable from them.

The small Fleet Air Arm contingent was there to service amphibian planes from cruisers, also the Swordfish from the carrier `Hermes`; which was the `local` aircraft carrier.

Francis Stanley
29-06-2010, 09:49
Ken
Thankyou for sharing these.
Fascinating Accounts , keep em coming, you certainly had some memorable experiences for a young lad.

Ken W
08-07-2010, 03:13
Life at China Bay (1941)
At China Bay the Navy lived in simple huts up on a rise, against the boundary fence; this was a strong link fence with barbed wire for Security–not against humans, but for those jungle animals outside. Occasionally we’d see them; troops of howler monkeys swinging thru tree tops and squawking coloured birds; while not far away, were herds of wild elephants and the crafty ‘Kottiyah‘ or spotted leopard. The Ablutions hut and Mess were nearby, from here we had a view of the Bay with below us the Slipway and nearby Workshops; bobbing off the slip were our two Fairey Seafox and maybe a Walrus.

We worked Tropical Routine, with afternoons off; so we’d fall in on the Slipway around 6.30; the Chief with his clipboard would say a few words and detail crews off. It was all very informal, the slipway crew were shirtless and so very tanned; while we ex-brats and others, wore khaki shirts & shorts. On arrival, the four of us with our Overhaul experience were put into a large hut recently built, this was the Engine Repair Shop. They showed us a pile of ‘Pegasus’ Aero-engines, heavily corroded and greasy, all waiting for Overhaul - saying we’ve been waiting for you, where have you been? We shrugged, not bothering to say ‘Don’t you know there’s a war on.’ (Our Draft had started in February, here it was late August)

Looking back, the Navy or FAA had really put effort into China Bay. Once again we ex-brats were in charge of others since they had recruited several young ‘locals’ as helpers; hopefully we would train them as well. This would be difficult since they lacked a technical education. Of course we would learn a lot from them too; about Buddhism, Hinduism and native customs, also that we British did not know it all. The first question they asked, once initial shyness wore off, was; ‘You Anglo or Cat?’ ‘Huh?’ They explained Anglican or Catholic; then made jokes on how Missionary’s fought over converts.

At lunchtime we‘d go up to the dining hut and drink our raw ‘Lime Juice‘, an old naval custom; then have our simple meal, mainly local food all done by native cooks. After a short siesta we‘d get some form of exercise; swimming, sailing or even football. One hobby of ours was making and flying model-aircraft from local balsa wood.
Then change for the evening meal, into long sleeve white shirts and cotton-duck slacks – mainly as an anti-malaria precaution, since malaria was very bad at CB; afterwards, in our hut play cards and chat. An allband radio in a hut gave Radio Delhi for news or Batavia for Swing tunes We‘d lie in our mosquito nets and hear the mongoose above our heads chasing the snakes, which were up there after the rats, in turn after roosting birds in the thatched roof. This nightly and noisy carnival lasted for some time, then silence suddenly came and we could get to sleep.

Payday afternoons we’d take the Liberty boat across to Trinco town, wander around, have an ice-cream at Elephant House, see a movie in the corrugated iron cinema, then back to the jetty for our boat home. The older guys would go over for a beer or two, since China Bay was strictly `dry`. Usually they drank the local ‘Onion beer’ because imported beer was expensive, also at that time was laced with arsenic.

One morning a crazed Boar broke through the fence and roared into our area. People ran for their lives from this wild giant, then it fell into a deep drainage pit. Screaming with rage it sprang up almost level with us; then after repeated shots from a 303 rifle, expired in a tide of blood. That night we had delicious pork on the menu, done Sri Lankan style. Another night, led by an `expert` big game shooter, and guided by two natives, about ten of us went looking for a man-eating leopard. This one had a habit of taking natives away, while they slept overnight on the platform of our local railway station, waiting for the train.
Lee and I being juniors, also lacking big game experience, were shoved in the rear of a long line blundering along jungle paths. Yakking, waving our 303s, and making enough noise to wake the dead – No wonder we saw no trace of that leopard.
Now and then the senior tracker raised his hand and cried `Hist`, we stopped and silence fell, but no signs came, so we would go on again. The No.1 expert was loudly telling us how to stalk leopards, when a strong feeling came that we were not alone. Luckily I had my brand-new Hong Kong torch in my hand. Turning round I flashed it on to see two large Eyes glaring at me!
That crafty leopard was quietly stalking us, from behind. Yells, it quickly went – and so did all we humans when we realized our peril.
Next day the trackers found the leopard had followed us for some distance, even stopping when we stopped; licking it`s chops and eyeing the two Tail-end Charlies. (Intended food?)

Isolation was a problem for some; but for all of us the major problem was the lack of Mail with the long time delay in getting it - Three months to or from the U.K, six months minimum for a reply! My first letter from my Mum, with an envelope encrusted with varied addresses, told me that the family had moved due to bombing, but it was on the South coast. (Not all that safe!) Married men had no idea how their families were coping in the bombing that still went on, even though not as bad as in 1940. One of the few of us with a girl friend, our Wal, received a ‘Dear John‘ letter that he pinned to the notice board, with an appropriate comment. Wal then consoled himself playing ‘Swing‘ records that he‘d obtained from India; these were cheap pressings from normal records. We soon got used to these tunes with all the predictable scratches and bumps. Pleasant memories of Glen Miller, Artie Shaw etc – sounded out at night from our hut; although later when the Rains came, they’d be drowned out.

Harry and I bought a Catamaran, a native canoe, from the headman of a local village; it had an outrigger and a small sail and we used this nearly every afternoon to visit the local bays in the big Harbour. There were dangers - one day, wading across a reef behind the canoe, I was attacked by an Electric Ray, which stunned me; paralyzed I then sank in the water. Luckily I was able to grab the catamaran strut before going under, while Harry drove the enraged fish off with a paddle. Once, looking down from a jetty, we saw a giant blob, an octopus bigger than a small room! Normally we‘d paddle around to a favorite spot and then fish using simple native lines, with only a pair of briefs on; we soon acquired a nice tan over all our body. Everybody at China Bay had a tan to prevent the dreaded ‘Prickly Heat‘. Other times we’d land on a beach and the natives would come down and try to barter with us for our duty-free cigarettes in those round ‘50 Player’ tins. These were good trade – but we’d accept only coconuts or bananas for them - instead of the rough `Ganja` (Marijuana) that some older men pushed. You could tell by their red eyes, shaking hands and shambling gait they had been smoking this stuff for years.

Now and then the Hermes would come into port and her Swordfish Aircraft would land on the field (814 Sqdn). Her boys would tell us of the exciting ports they had visited, like Hong Kong and Singapore; thus I got a sudden hankering to sail away from China Bay. So I put in a request to join Hermes, when that did not eventuate I quickly forgot all about it.
Then a troop convoy from Australia came into the harbour, the Queen Mary and two other liners. As we paddled around these big ships, bored Diggers leaning over the side tossed us pennies “Here Sambo, dive for these.” Our reply really shook those Aussies – so this tanned pair were not local natives after all!

Our simple life continued while the war went on elsewhere and massive battles raged in Russia, but we were living in a fool‘s paradise, trouble was close at hand. Around the end of November two battleships suddenly arrived in Trinco, the Prince of Wales and Repulse, staying two days. One afternoon, after Lee and others played water-polo against Prince of Wales in our pool, we followed both teams on board. As soon as we boarded we were told we had to leave (Our khaki outfits?)
However we did hear that apparently the Japs were very near to going to War – Against Us. The ships were going to Singapore to ‘Scare them Off’. Being aircraft proponents, we strongly doubted that battleships on their own could do this, but were told to shut up.
One last memory was of their liberty men waiting on Trinco jetty to go back on board. They were singing a mournful sailors song of WW1; was this a presentiment of what was to come?

From the control tower I‘d acquired a Japanese Aircraft Identification book, the latest RAF info. Strangely it did not mention the Zero and other modern types they had ready for combat. We were told that Jap planes were shoddily made and unreliable; while their ships were top heavy and could capsize. Anyhow they all wore spectacles, so they couldn’t see properly! (I know this is an old story but we did hear it - What a load of Bull).
It was now the rainy season, so every night we huddled in our native huts, hearing rain on the thatch; while in the ceiling above, mongoose chased the snakes. Then one night our radio (New Delhi or Batavia) crackled out the news of Japanese attacks, all over the Far East & Pacific. We knew this was serious and could not be dismissed, in that bland, over confident manner, official bulletins suddenly adopted.
Then came disaster, the sinking of those two great ships; not only a major blow to the Royal Navy, but also to British prestige all over the Far East. We just could not understand why no fighter cover was available. At work, my three native trainees occasionally asked those odd awkward questions; they weren’t fools, so it was hard to avoid bullshitting them.

With Force Z gone, the Japs could now fan out through the Islands, landing wherever they wanted; attacks spearheaded by those carriers of the First Striking Force. For the next six months, every day brought bad news as we and our Allies were hit by the Japanese onslaught.

Ken W
15-07-2010, 05:55
1942 The Japs Arrive
Now we had night sentry duty, looking for Jap subs or landing craft in the bay; then just before Xmas a giant flying boat arrived, a Pan American Clipper. The ocean hopping monster tied up near our slipway, dwarfing our tiny seaplanes. The crew came ashore, telling us in their accents, how they’d been chased by Zeroes out of Manilla. Their Wright Cyclone engines had been stressed by ‘too much boost’ so they asked for wrenches at our Engine Shop; but our ‘Limey tools’ weren’t suitable. They took off on Xmas Eve but returned after dumping fuel, lacking climb power in the humid air. Managing impromptu repairs they took off finally to fly the long way home to New York, via Africa; a record trip. (Years later, I would meet a senior PAA skipper, who’d been crew on that boat).

Singapore fell, what a blow that was; my native trainees looked worried, telling me the Jap Radio had promised, ‘Japan man come soon to free us from you, British.’ Around this time China Bay became a front line base; reinforcements arrived so we became choka with men and planes, RAF Hurricanes and Naval Fulmars. The four of us were taken off Overhaul to help assemble several Fulmars also some Swordfish from crates; I believe Fulmars also flew in.
The Workshop area and our Engine shop now became crowded with ‘new boys’, with their Bombay Bloomers and white knees they stood out from the old hands. To keep them busy, a ‘chit system’ was instituted for jobs including our small area; this was ‘bullshit’at its best. So wanting a change I managed a transfer to `X` squadron; the old Flight who knew me said, ‘Son, you’ll first have to get line experience.’
Ours was a Swordfish torpedo squadron formed up in a hurry, apparently for base defence. It was a small squadron with only seven aircraft, whether this was due to crew or aircraft availability,we never found out. After helping assemble the rest of the Swordfish from crates, as a spare Fitter I helped service their engines on the airfield, also learned to drive a Chevvy fuelling truck. Looking back, it is obvious that our authorities knew the Japs were coming and desperately needed a limited offensive capability.

Then one morning muster the Chief called out my name,’ That request of yours for Hermes is through; they want a Fitter for some Martlett fighters they’re getting.’
Remembering that long ago request, I hesitated, ‘Oh that. I’m on X squadron now Chief.’
He looked hard at me, ‘Well do you want to go or not?’
One of the new boys called out, ‘I’m a Fitter and would like to take that Chief.’
So it was settled; feeling embarrassed I sought him out, wishing him luck, then forgot about it.

Two weeks or so went by, then one Saturday afternoon early in April – a Catalina patrol plane reported a Jap Task Force 350 miles off our coast – Five aircraft carriers, four battleships, cruisers, destroyers, and what seemed troop transports! The pilot, Squadron Leader Birchall, bravely kept transmitting until blasted by Zero cannon shells.
He had sighted the First Carrier Strike Force (Admiral Nagumo), the same that had devastated Pearl Harbor, Wake Island, Darwin and other places; also the strongest naval strike force around at that time.
Invasion panic now gripped our base, as we estimated that the Japs would land next morning at key points around Trinco harbour. One obvious target was the airfield, so we were issued with shovels and rifles and put to dig trenches. Then from sunset that night, until midnight when we were relieved, I was one of the defenders, with our one anti-tank rifle of WW1 vintage, waiting under the palms and being badly bitten by mosquitoes. After a brief nap I was called at 4 am to go to the airfield – another `Flap` was on. Our X squadron Swordfish would be immediately loaded with torpedoes, then go on a mission!

Have faint memories of crews boarding their aircraft and cranking an aircraft`s engine up, then seeing flames coming from aircraft exhausts in the pre-dawn darkness.
We watched grimly as the heavily laden aircraft staggered-off, then climbed away in the dawn light over the bay. Finally they circled, then headed West towards Colombo. `Why are they going inland?’ Then we heard that the Japs weren’t landing here, they had steamed around Ceylon and were going for Colombo; our Swordfish were to attack the Jap Carriers!
These stringbag machines looked antique, but we knew their torpedoes could be deadly. Devoutly we wished them good luck.

The morning dragged on, news came of aircraft attacking Colombo and it`s docks; ships sunk in the harbour and Ratmanala airfield under attack by many aircraft.
Then it came, our Swordfish had been jumped by Zeroes outside Colombo, before they even got there, they all had been shot down - Not long after it`s birth, our Squadron had ceased to exist. Someone mentioned it was Easter Sunday, April 4th , what an Easter.

Unlike Esmonde’s men, most of our crews would survive; they were shot down over rice paddy-fields, so most made relatively good crash landings. Later we heard of Zeros strafing the crews on the ground; how they ran to a Buddhist temple or in another case dived headlong into a well, to escape from those guns. With the rest of the squadron maintenance men, I now joined the `Pool` of men who had little to do.

Later that day news came that a Catalina was down on the drink, out of fuel. Several of we former X squadron boys were detailed to load a Walrus flying boat, with four-gallon cans of fuel to take out to the Cat. We loaded them though the rear hatch, using a pair of wooden steps; as we did, so the Walrus interior became filled with high-octane fumes leaking from those badly made tinplate cans. Then the old flight sergeant, who knew all the ex-brats, also how keen I usually was, looked at me enquiringly.
`Need a volunteer to go out and refuel the Cat on the sea. Here`s your chance Son`.
I held back, that incredible instinct or warning told me `NO`.
One of the new boys helping, volunteered. We watched her take off and climb slowly over the palm trees – the aircraft only was about three miles away when it exploded in a ball of flame. The old Chiefie muttered `Jeez your lucky`.

The fate of the Walrus was forgotten in the general confusion; the following few days were shrouded in confusion and ignorance, about what was happening.
The Japanese force, commanded by Admiral Nagumo, had five carriers with 350 aircraft supported by battleships, cruisers and destroyers. In contrast the British Eastern Fleet, under Admiral Somerville, had as it’s main strength, four WW1 old Battlewaggons; RAMILLIES, RESOLUTION, REVENGE and ROYAL SOVEREIGN.
Somerville knew his capital ships were vulnerable to air attack; while his few carriers had not the aircraft to counter the superior enemy. Wisely avoiding contact with the enemy force, he retired to Addu Attoll, a secret base; but detached warships such as Cornwall & Dorsetshire were caught & quickly sunk by dive bombers.

To set the scene for what was to come at China Bay, while the Admiralty had us living in thatched huts close to the jungle, the RAF guys lived in good style near the airfield. Contrasting with us, they had two or three story masonry barrack blocks, fitted with aids to living in the tropics. We envied them their quality billets, but events would change this.
On our side of the airstrip, not far from the barrack blocks, were the two main hangars, recently built at great expense; one RAF and one FAA. Between these was a large expanse of concrete hard-standing, about two hundreds metres wide. Ammunition and other ships had recently brought many supplies to the airfield; aircraft in crates; drums of fuel and oil; bombs and ammo.
In the panic, some military genius had directed that these be put on the hard standing between the hangars; as one wag said, the only thing missing was a large sign saying `AMMUNITION DUMP – BOMB HERE`!

Bee
15-07-2010, 07:39
Once again Ken,

Fascinating accounts of your memories of that time. Thankyou for sharing them with us here.

On reading through your story, it looks like you've had cats surrounding you throughout (the leopard that tracked behind you....and the catalina that you were fortunate enough to not be refueling.) You don't happen to have a black pet cat (for luck) by any chance? (By the way - did you realise that being at the end of the line was the most dangerous place to be??)

On a more serious note...it must have been quite daunting for you all....especially being so young and thrust into these situations. With regard to the Prince of Wales and the Repulse being bombed - close friend of our family lost his brother on the Repulse at that time. (I have mentioned a bit about him on another thread....I'll see if I can find where I've put it.)

Regards,
Bee

spruso
16-07-2010, 09:10
Great Stuff Ken,

Thanks for contributing this interesting insite into what it was really like - can't wait for the next instalment.

Cheers
Bruce

Francis Stanley
16-07-2010, 10:28
Great Stuff Ken,

Thanks for contributing this interesting insite into what it was really like - can't wait for the next instalment.

Cheers
Bruce

Hear Hear, Hats off to you Ken

harry.gibbon
16-07-2010, 10:37
Great work Ken,

These serialised postings from you provide another rare but valuable record of personal experiences saved for posterity. Many thanks and well done Sir.

Little h

Kevin Denlay
16-07-2010, 12:25
Ditto to all of the above!

Great stuff Ken, Thanks for posting.

Ken W
17-07-2010, 08:08
Thanks for your very kind comments on some old memories. Attached may be interesting.
Two water colours I made from memory - Morning muster at Slipway has ex apprentices in front row near Bay; (Overall numbers would have been more). Last Flight shows flight of three slow climb towards the Bay (& Trinco harbor); when they got to around 1000ft way in the distance & started to turn West – then we knew there was a change of plan. (Tail XC a pure guess).

Kevin Denlay
17-07-2010, 08:16
Hi Ken,

Sent you a PM. Please check your mail box on this forum when you get a chance.

Thanks,
Kevin

Hugh Williams
21-07-2010, 17:11
Hi,

Can't adequately thank you enough for your postings. One of my favourite ships, great to read a story from the horses mouth. Rivetting stuff!

Once again thanks.

Regards,

Hugh Williams

astraltrader
21-07-2010, 17:56
Ken - please add my name to the list of members who greatly appreciated your accounts.

Like Hugh I have always been interested in anything to do with Exeter.

Looking forward to the next installment!! :D

Ken W
23-07-2010, 08:59
The Air Attack
One night the liberty men came back from their jaunt across the harbour to Trinco town. They had been in the `Elephant & Castle`, drinking the local `onion beer` with men from Hermes. The crew of the carrier had suddenly been recalled to their ship. We speculated, then dismissed it as just another odd panic.

Around 7.00 am next morning, clear blue skies as some of us went to late breakfast. (Due to evening work, we were lucky) . We heard the air raid warning, not unusual but then saw Hurricane (251sqdn) and Fulmar fighters take off in a hurry, climbing rapidly.
Now came a loud droning, coming from many planes coming out of the East, from the Rising Sun. Several hundred planes, in massed formations, shining in that sun. A new boy said hopefully, `Might be those reinforcements they promised` – Idiot!
There were too many to be our planes. These were Japs!
So into the nearest slit trench we jumped; this was elevated and some distance from the airfield. From here we had an unwanted ringside view of the attack.
The leader of those shining silver planes suddenly dived straight into a large tank at the oil depot, across the bay. As it blew up in smoke & flames – ‘Christ. What do they do for an encore?
The other dive-bombers (Vals) followed him down in a long line on anti-aircraft positions and selected targets. We saw them pull out sharply at the bottom of the dive, then felt their heavy bombs exploding, through thumps under our trench.
Air combat started as Zeroes swept down on our fighters while other Zeroes came down strafing ground installations. Now high level bombers released their loads on the airfield, the first bombs of course dropped on that fuel and ammo dump, columns of smoke immediately billowed up from the hangar area.
We didn’t see much of our fighters, Hurris and Fulmars, no doubt fighting at higher altitude. Figures afterwards surprised us since Zeroes seemed to have the edge.

Then Zeroes flew close by at low height with their hoods open, pilots with colourful scarves trailing from open cockpits. Seeing our heads poking up, one waved a gloved hand, then did a slow barrel roll, as though to show his prowess, supremely confident. Brightly painted Zeroes were doing low rolls at what seemed suicidal height over the stricken airfield. No sign of myopic Japs or bamboo aircraft, instead good pilots flying very good machines – what a surprise.

Noise and smoke covered the whole area, the smoke drifting up the rise towards us. Alternately we crouched down then looked up at the latest event. Finally, after what seemed hours, but probably under 45 minutes, things quietened. We emerged to watch the pyrotechnics from the ammo dump – thumps and bangs, smoke and flames shooting up.
An officer & NCO came running, they grabbed us. `You lot there, get down to the hangars. Those aircraft have to be saved`. (Hangar had 817’s aircraft inside) Reluctantly our small group made it’s way through the smoke; then the smoke cleared showing a flight of Zeroes heading along the road towards us…. Flashes of light came from the wings of the leading one.

On the side was a deep drainage ditch, concrete lined, quickly I dived headfirst into this and landed in slime at the bottom. A roar of engines and the rattle of guns passed overhead, but the others were also safe, lying in the ditch near me. From the dive I did get bruising and a nasty graze on my right elbow, but thought it fair exchange for safety.
By the time we emerged from the ditch the hangars were totally consumed, all around we saw the ruins of the camp, particularly the RAF area. The only undamaged part was our area on the edge of the camp, near the jungle. Wondering at our luck, we guessed the Japs had thought the thatched huts native dwellings.
Across the bay, oil storage tanks blazed, sending a column of thick black smoke that eventually blocked the noonday sun. In the harbour, some damaged ships were on fire.

Our carrier, Hermes, had left Trinco early that morning, when intercepted radio signals warned of an enemy attack. She had no planes on board (the Grumman Martletts had not arrived) and so with her antiquated armament, was virtually defenceless.
When Trincomalee was attacked, she was south of us, endeavoring to get away. However Japanese search planes found her later, directing dive-bombers onto her. With no fighter defence it was an uneven contest; Hermes and escort HMAS Vampire, were sunk.
Luckily for their survivors, the hospital ship Vita was nearby; enemy planes located her after the sinkings, then dive bombers circled, investigating the ship before their attack.
The Japanese had little regard for the Red Cross, but when nurses, some with blond hair, waved to the gung-ho Jap pilots, they waved back. Through this the ship was spared.
(This story was told me in Colombo Naval Hospital, from one of those brave nurses).

Licking our wounds, we helped clean up China Bay. Few FAA men were casualties but quite a few RAF men and natives were killed or wounded – mainly around the RAF quarters which had been badly hit.
The two hangars were burnt out, their crumpled skeletal girders standing against the sky, while the hard standing between them was full of large craters and smoldering debris, the remains of that ammo dump. Drums, bombs, crates and other objects, from the dump, had been blasted considerable distances through the air; these all had to be retrieved by working parties. Our native workers had gone, those not casualties had fled for the hills.
Stories of survival came. ‘Red’, one of us, manned an AA machine gun position on the Jetty near the slipway. After a few shots at Zeroes, one saw him and came with guns blazing; sensibly he dived into the water; having a temper to match his name, Red climbed out and had another go, but the same pilot circled round to get him, so wisely Red stayed under water, coming up to breath. Lee was actually in the hangar working on a Swordfish; when bombs first fell - he had the sense to run well clear of the area. Even so he was badly shaken and bruised. An ex schoolmate, Merritt, was wounded out in the bay unloading an ammo barge; a wood splinter would give him Tetanus, from which he would soon die.

A day or so later, some us were detailed to go out on a truck and pick up a crashed Zero in the jungle. I was off colour, so failed to get the souvenirs the others did from the wreck.
What troubled us all was the certainty the Japs would invade, there was clearly nothing to stop them; the Indian Ocean was now wide open.
However by fortunate chance, that same week, US planes would bomb Toyo. This insult to Japanese pride would result in the Task Force being recalled to defend their homeland.

China Bay Evacuation
Three or four days after the attack I fell sick with fever and headaches, laying on my bed watching the others go out to emergency work. After a day or so desperate for help I went down to the old Sick Quarters, this was now rubble, but in a temporary shack nearby a RAF man gave me Aspirin tablets. As he said `This is all we can spare for your problem`. My problem was no doubt Malaria, probably picked up that night in the jungle; China Bay was notorious for it. My days and nights now became an odd pattern of fever and sickness, mixed with the odd day when it was not so bad; managing to get around and even eat some emergency rations, rice and tinned bully beef, all that was available. Tea was the one thing I looked forward to, but that was almost undrinkable, with the now heavy chlorination.
Can remember one day going with a work detail to the officer’s mess, since the native servants had fled; there I got an iced drink, just wonderful and never forgotten. Mates were sympathetic, but they had their own problems. One of these was the wild dogs that had invaded the camp for food. Bodies burned on funeral pyres, Native I think, were not completely consumed, so dogs ran around the camp with barbecued limbs in their mouths! (I saw this). The crack of 303 rifles became common, as sentries tried to kill these rabid beasts, not only at night, but during the day as they roamed the camp looking for food.

Around then, near the wrecked hangars, Ceylon’s O.C., Admiral Sir G. Layton, spoke to RAF & RN personnel. ‘The Japanese Fleet has retired to Singapore, to refuel and rearm, and to organise an invasion force, which we think is coming back to attack us.’ He ended by saying, ‘He was going for re-enforcements, while you men here must be prepared to fight to the last man to stop the Japs.' Strangely his speech did not lift our spirits, especially the bit re leaving us for reinforcements; so he became ‘Runaway Layton’

Days later the malaria was doing well; I started to get ‘the shakes`, vision was blurry and my urine was turning black. Then we heard the airfield was so damaged that it had now been written off, China Bay was to be evacuated! Most were going to other places; a few like me East Africa, others to India. As I lay on my bed someone came to the hut in a hurry;
`Pack your kit mate, your on the first draft out on the train tonight`.
I had no memory of packing or boarding the train at dusk that would take us to Colombo; most of the time was spent in a feverish daze. During the night, as we climbed the mountains the air became chill and I was nauseous. Shivering and shaking, I stumbled along the corridor to the toilet to throw up through the hole in the floor. I was lying there when my mates found me next morning.

The next conscious memory is of waking up in a real bed with crisp sheets, then a pretty English VAD came and took my temperature. (Gosh, a white woman). This was the Naval section of the Hospital in Colombo, I`d been brought in the day before from the train station. The draft and my kit had gone on by ship; luckily they had placed my small brown case in the ambulance with me. But I’d only spend a few days here, that other thing I’d picked up would put me in a jungle Isolation Hospital for 2 months, out of the war.

So ends our story. We four were scattered never to meet again, except Lee and I. We’d survived a ship’s bombing & abandonment, the voyage on Exeter, South Africa, time on a battleship and destroyer, then a period of almost ‘Desert island living’, until the war caught up with us again.
Forty years on, through Fate’s workings, I would hear of a senior man in British Aviation who’d been a big help to us. Casually I’d asked his name and wondered. One year later Lee and I would actually meet in London and chat over old times